The whole life of Andrei Platonov was filled with incredible and interesting events. His best works were published only after his death. Why this happened will be told by interesting facts from the life of Platonov. The work of this man was distinguished by originality, fine manner of writing and originality. Interesting Facts from Platonov's biography they will also tell about his personal life, in which there were also inevitable events.
1. Andrey Platonov was the eldest child in the family. Interesting facts of their family confirm this.
2. The writer served at the fort as a war correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper at the time.
3. From the age of 14, this prose writer has already begun to work, helping his family.
4. Platonov was given many technical professions. This is an assistant driver, and a locksmith, and an auxiliary worker.
5. In 1951 Andrei Platonov died of tuberculosis.
6. A monument to this great writer was erected in Voronezh.
7. The name of Andrei Platonov was assigned to the asteroid in 1981.
8. Andrei had to finish the parochial school.
9. It was from poems that the creative path of this writer and playwright began.
10. Started writing this great person during the Civil War.
11. A difficult fate and a difficult childhood - this is what distinguished Platonov from other writers of that period.
12. Platonov volunteered for the war.
13. Andrey Platonov took an ordinary rural teacher as his wife.
14. Andrey began writing poems from the age of 12.
15. Platonov is the pseudonym of the writer. His real name- Klimentov.
16. He believed that every person should be of some use.
17. Gorky, having studied the works of Andrei Platonov, imbued with the talent of this writer.
18. During the Civil War, Platonov fought for the Reds, but was soon disappointed by this.
19. At the age of 51, Platonov died.
20. At the end of his life, Andrei Platonov translated Bashkir fairy tales into Russian.
21. At the end of his life, this writer lost the opportunity to print his own works.
22. Andrey Platonov lived with an open mind and enjoyed life.
23. Platonov was a deeply religious person.
24. With the personal permission of Stalin, the works of Andrei Platonov during the war were published.
25. This writer, prose writer and playwright was buried at the Armenian cemetery.
26. Despite all the hardships of life and the large number of children in the family in which Platonov grew up, the children felt care and love.
27. The drought of 1925 was a huge shock for Andrey Platonov.
28. In the 1920s, Andrei changed his surname Klimentov to Platonov.
29. In 1943, Platonov's son died, from whom he was infected with tuberculosis.
30. The only son of Andrei Platonov acquired tuberculosis at the time when he was arrested as a 15-year-old boy.
31. Andrey Platonov gained fame only in the 1920s.
32. His only muse was his wife.
33. Almost every story by Platonov was about love, and therefore there was a lot of tragedy in them.
34. Andrei Platonov had an inferiority complex in relation to spouses of noble blood.
35. Platonov, for the sake of his beloved woman, sacrificed his mother, who did not want to accept her daughter-in-law.
36. Maria Kashintseva did not want to become Platonov's legal wife even after the birth of her son.
37. Only after 22 years of marriage did Platonov's wife become his official wife.
38. Throughout his life, Andrei Platonov worked and studied in parallel.
39. Andrey Platonov was accused of anarcho-individualism.
41. In the 30s of the 20th century, Andrei Platonov wrote “on the table”, because his works were not published.
42. Andrei Platonov's mother gave birth to children almost every year.
43. Andrey Platonov participated in the First All-Russian Hydrolic Congress.
44. In 1927, Platonov had to work in Tambov.
45. Before his death, Platonov managed to become a grandfather.
Biography and episodes of life Andrey Platonov. When born and died Andrei Platonov, memorable places and dates of important events in his life. writer quotes, Photo and video.
Years of life of Andrei Platonov:
born September 1, 1899, died January 5, 1951
Epitaph
"Without me, the people are not complete!"
The inscription on the monument to Platonov in Voronezh, a quote from the story "The Old Mechanic"
Biography
The biography of Andrei Platonov is the story of a man of difficult fate who went through persecution and persecution, misunderstanding and betrayal, loss of loved ones and a serious illness. During his lifetime, Platonov never received the well-deserved fame and fortune. He found his reader after his death. As the Russian literary critic Vladimir Vasiliev said about this: “The reader missed Andrei Platonov.”
He was born in a large family and started working at the age of thirteen in order to somehow help his father feed everyone. In 1918, Andrei entered the Voronezh Polytechnic, but the civil war interfered with his plans. Platonov began to write even then, although after the war he entered the Polytechnic Institute and seriously took up the issues of electrification of the country, without parting with the writing business. Platonov's creative biography began after he moved to Moscow, where in 1927 Platonov's collection of short stories Epiphany Gateways was published. The stories were warmly received, Gorky even saw in Platonov's prose a resemblance to Gogol. Platonov's books began to come out one after another, but soon the very small literary glory came to an end - Stalin himself negatively assessed Platonov's talent, calling the writer a "bastard". Platonov did not correspond to the ideological considerations of the leader, and this put an end to his career. After some time, he was still able to publish his stories again, but many works could not see the light during Platonov's lifetime - such as the dramas Chevengur and Pit. Platonov worked as an engineer, but continued to write - stories, novels, plays, acted as literary critic. In 1938, Platonov's son was arrested, and when he was released two years later, he was already terminally ill with tuberculosis. Platonov took care of his son and fell ill himself.
When the Great Patriotic War began, the writer's family was evacuated to Ufa, but Platonov went to the front, soon becoming a military journalist. He went through the war already suffering from tuberculosis, Platonov's son died in 1943. Immediately after the war, Platonov published the story "Return" about the life of people in the post-war period, which the authorities considered slanderous, and this greatly influenced the fate of the writer. The last years of his life, Platonov lived in poverty and hunger.
Platonov's death came on January 5, 1951. The cause of Platonov's death was tuberculosis. The funeral of Andrei Platonov took place on January 7 at the Armenian cemetery in Moscow, where Platonov's grave is today.
life line
September 1, 1899 Date of birth of Andrei Platonovich Platonov (real name Klimentov).
1918 Admission to the Voronezh railway school.
1919 Mobilization in the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army.
1921 Graduation from college, the release of the first book "Electrification", the publication of poems.
1922 The birth of the son of Plato, the release of the book of poems "Blue Depth".
1926 Writing by Platonov of such works as "Ethereal Path", "City of Grads", "Epifan Gateways".
1931 Criticism of Platonov's works by Stalin, the beginning of persecution.
1938. The arrest of the fifteen-year-old son of Platonov.
1940 Release of Platonov's son.
1943 Death of Platonov's son from tuberculosis, birth of daughter Maria.
January 5, 1951 Date of Platonov's death.
January 7, 1951 Funeral of Platonov.
Memorable places
1. Voronezh, where Platonov was born.
2. Platonov Museum in the Voronezh Gymnasium. A. Platonov.
3. Voronezh Carriage Repair Plant named after E. Telman (former railway workshops), where Platonov worked.
4. Platonov's house in Moscow, where he lived in 1931 before getting his own apartment.
5. Platonov's house on Tverskoy Boulevard in Moscow, where he lived with his family in 1931-1951. and where a memorial plaque to the writer is installed today.
6. Armenian cemetery where Platonov is buried.
Episodes of life
Andrei Platonov treated the earth as if it were alive. I was very worried about her. Therefore, he was seriously engaged in land reclamation and electrification. He wanted the people around him to live better, it was very painful for him to look at the devastation. During his life in Voronezh, Platonov constantly arranged some kind of free events in neighboring villages: either he grinded flour with his wife's father, or opened a cinema. True, the writer had almost no funds of his own, so all his ideas did not last long.
Platonov carried out land reclamation in Rogachevka together with his brother Peter. After they irrigated, the gardens in Rogachevka blossomed with might and main. In autumn, the harvest was surprisingly rich, and one day a truck with a huge amount of pears arrived at Platonov's house. Then Platonov asked to gather all the Voronezh children: "Let them come, eat as much as they want and take with them."
Monument to Platonov in Voronezh, the grave of Platonov, his wife and children at the Armenian cemetery
Covenant
“Art must die - in the sense that it must be replaced by something ordinary, human; a person can sing well without a voice, if he has a special, real enthusiasm for life.
Documentary film from the cycle "Geniuses and Villains" about Andrey Platonov
condolences
“Andrey did not live long and hard. Little was printed. Critics met almost every new story of his with absurd accusations, either not understanding the essence of the works, or getting used to one-sided, and sometimes even biased assessments of his work. But Andrei did not sing along with falsetto to anyone and did not twist his conscience. Never in my life."
Nikolai Zadonsky, writer, playwright
“There are writers of easy fate. And there is a difficult one. Andrey Platonov had everything - an outstanding talent, extensive education, knowledge of life. One thing was not given to him: worldly dexterity. But the absence of it also adorns a person. Andrei Platonov was a writer of difficult fate. And yet, by nature, he was a joyful person. Even in the most difficult days for himself, he retained a bright spirit. He lived with an open heart."
Lev Slavin, playwright, writer
Platonov Andrey Platonovich 1899-1951 Russian writer of the Soviet era.
Andrei Platonovich Platonov (real name Klimentov) was born into a large family (11 children), who often lived on the verge of poverty, a family of a railway workshop mechanic on the working outskirts of Voronezh, in the Yamskaya Slobodka. “In Yamskaya there were wattle fences, vegetable gardens, burdock wastelands, not houses, but huts, chickens, shoemakers and many men on the Zadonskaya high road ...” For the rest of his life, the writer retained the kindest memories of his teacher Apollinaria Nikolaevna. “I will never forget her, because through her I learned that there is a fairy tale about a Man sung by the heart,” Platonov wrote in his autobiography.
At the age of 7 he entered the parochial school. From 10 to 13 years old, he studied at a city school, and then entered the insurance office as a day laborer. He also worked as an assistant machinist, in the production of millstones, as a foundry worker at a pipe factory and did other feasible work.
Being the eldest son, Andrei Platonovich helps his parents in raising his brothers and sisters, and later begins to provide financially.
Since 1918 he began to study at the technical school of Voronezh. He changed his surname in 1920.
He, like most writers, began his writing work in provincial newspapers and magazines.
During civil war worked as a war correspondent. This was followed by active creative activity: Andrey Platonovich Platonov showed himself as a talented writer (publicist, poet) and critic. In 1921 he published his first book, Electrification.
Like many famous prose writers, at the beginning of his creative way was a poet. In 1922, a book of his poems "Blue Depth" was published. She was noticed by the famous Russian poet Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov. The first collection of short stories by Platonov was published in 1927.
Not all of Platonov's works met with universal approval. The work “For the future” published in 1931 provoked criticism from A. A. Fadeev and Stalin. In 1934, the writer went to Central Asia, where he wrote the story "Takyr". This work also caused indignation, and some editorial offices stopped taking his texts. In 1936, he was able to publish a few more stories. By the beginning of the 1930s, the release of the most sensational book of the writer, the dystopian story "The Pit", belongs.
In 1938, the only son of Platonov was arrested. Despite the fact that the writer managed to pat him out and rescue him after a couple of years, the young man became terminally ill with tuberculosis and died in early 1943. Platnov, while caring for his son, also fell ill and carried tuberculosis in himself until the end of his life.
During the Patriotic War, the writer served as a war correspondent in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper and published his military stories. For the story "Return" (1946), he was subjected to another attack.
Fairy tales Platonov began to write at the end of his life. One of his most recent works is the wise, slightly sad fairy tale "Unknown Flower". The story "Nikita" is not a fairy tale, but there is something fantastic in it.
IN last years engaged in the processing of Russian and Bashkir fairy tales for children's magazines. A. Platonov died in January 1951 and was buried at the Armenian cemetery in Moscow.
People read books carefully and slowly. Being a worker, he knows how much reality needs to be transformed, tested and experienced in order for a real thought to occur and an exact, true word be born.
Andrei Platonovich Platonov is one of the writers of the Soviet era, whose writing style was the most original. Platonov is a playwright, prose writer, poet, writer, whose work fell on the first half of the twentieth century. Today we offer to study Platonov for children, which will provide an opportunity to learn more about the life of this wonderful writer.
Biography of Platonov briefly
A brief retelling of the biography and life of Platonov begins from the beginning of his life path. It happened in 1899. At the beginning of autumn and is born future writer in an ordinary family living in Voronezh.
His education is studying at a parish school, after which he finishes a four-year school in the city. Then Andrei, at that time Klimentov, enters the school. Due to poverty, in order to help his parents, he starts working early. The future writer worked in various fields.
Literary creativity
In a brief biography of Platonov for the 6th grade, his creative activity begins with work in newspapers and magazines. As a war correspondent, Platonov is published in many newspapers. And in 1921, his first book Electrification was published. The very next year, he released his collection of poems called Blue Depth. His literary creativity receives good reviews from critics. In 1927, Platonov published the first book of short stories.
After the Polytechnic School, Andrey Platonovich held the position of an electrical engineer, was a land reclamation worker, continued to write, and in 1931 his first work was published, which aroused the indignation of critics. It was a work called Prok, after which the writer is refused to be published in publications. In 1937, as an exception, his story The Potudal River was published.
During the years of the Great Patriotic War, he begins to print again, so his stories on military topics come out. However, after the story The Return, the writer was again criticized and accused of slander. Now the opportunity to publish for the writer was closed. In order to somehow live and earn money, he begins to process fairy tales for children that are published in children's magazines. Thus, in his biography, briefly and all the most important is connected with children's creativity.
The writer dies in 1951 from tuberculosis, which he caught while caring for his only son.
Platonov was the eldest child. There were ten children in the family.
Since 1920, Andrei from Klimentov turns into Platonov, as the writer changes his last name.
Andrei Platonov had one son, who was arrested at the age of fifteen. Thanks to the efforts of the writer's friends, his son was released, but he did not live long, as he contracted tuberculosis.
The writer was buried in Moscow. His grave is located in the Armenian cemetery.
A monument was erected to the writer in Voronezh, and one of the streets of the city was also named in his honor.
Soviet literature
Andrey Platonovich Platonov
Biography
PLATONOV, ANDREY PLATONOVICH (1899−1951), real name Klimentov, Russian prose writer, playwright. Born on August 16 (28), 1899 in a working-class suburb of Voronezh. He was the eldest son in the family of a railway workshop mechanic. The impressions of a difficult childhood full of adult worries were reflected in the story Semyon (1927), in which the image of the title character has autobiographical features. He studied at the parochial school, in 1914 he was forced to leave his studies and go to work. Until 1917, he changed several professions: he was an auxiliary worker, foundry worker, locksmith, etc., about which he wrote in early stories Regular (1918) and Seryoga and I (1921). According to Platonov, "life immediately turned me from a child into an adult, depriving me of my youth."
In 1918, Platonov entered the Voronezh Railway Polytechnic School, realizing the interest in machines and mechanisms that had manifested in him since childhood. For some time, interrupting his studies, he worked as an assistant driver. In 1921 he wrote the pamphlet Electrification and after graduating from a technical school (1921) called electrical engineering his main specialty. Platonov explained the need to learn in the story The Potudan River (1937) as a desire to “acquire higher knowledge as soon as possible” in order to overcome the meaninglessness of life. The heroes of many of his stories (At the dawn of a foggy youth, The Old Mechanic, etc.) are railroad workers, whose life he knew well from childhood and youth.
From the age of 12, Platonov wrote poetry. In 1918, he began working as a journalist in the Voronezh newspapers Izvestia fortified area, Krasnaya Derevnya, and others. In 1918, Platonov’s poems (Night, Toska, etc.) began to be published in the Iron Way magazine, his story The Next, as well as essays, articles and reviews. Since that time, Platonov has become one of the most prominent writers in Voronezh, actively appears in periodicals, including under pseudonyms (Elp. Baklazhanov, A. Firsov, etc.). In 1920, Platonov joined the RCP (b), but a year later, of his own free will, he left the party.
Platonov's book of poems Blue Depth (1922, Voronezh) received a positive assessment from V. Bryusov. However, at this time, under the impression of the drought of 1921, which led to mass starvation among the peasants, Platonov decided to change his occupation. In his autobiography of 1924, he wrote: "Being a technician, I could no longer engage in contemplative work - literature." In 1922-1926, Platonov worked in the Voronezh provincial land department, engaged in land reclamation and electrification of agriculture. He appeared in the press with numerous articles on land reclamation and electrification, in which he saw the possibility of a "bloodless revolution", a radical change for the better. folk life. The impressions of these years were embodied in the story Rodin of Electricity and other works of Platonov in the 1920s.
In 1922, Platonov married a village teacher M. A. Kashintseva, to whom he dedicated the story Epifan Gateways (1927). The wife became the prototype of the title character of the story The Sandy Teacher. After the death of the writer M.A. Platonova did a lot to preserve his literary heritage and publish his works.
In 1926, Platonov was recalled to work in Moscow at the People's Commissariat. He was sent to engineering and administrative work in Tambov. The image of this "philistine" city, its Soviet bureaucracy is recognizable in the satirical story City of Gradov (1926). Soon Platonov returned to Moscow and, leaving the service in the People's Commissariat of Agriculture, became a professional writer.
The first serious publication in the capital was the story of the Epifan Gateways. It was followed by the story The Hidden Man (1928). The transformations of Peter the Great described in the Epiphany Gateways echoed in Platonov’s work with contemporary “head” communist projects for the global reorganization of life. This topic is the main one in the essay Che-Che-O (1928), written jointly with B. Pilnyak after a trip to Voronezh as correspondents for the Novy Mir magazine.
For some time, Platonov was a member of the literary group "Pass". Membership in the Pass, as well as the publication in 1929 of the story Doubting Makar, caused a wave of criticism against Platonov. In the same year, A. M. Gorky received a sharply negative assessment and Platonov’s novel Chevengur (1926−1929, published in 1972 in France, in 1988 in the USSR) was banned for publication.
Chevengur became not only the largest work of Platonov in terms of volume, but also an important milestone in his work. The writer brought to the point of absurdity the ideas of the communist reorganization of life, which owned him in his youth, showing their tragic impracticability. The features of reality acquired a grotesque character in the novel, in accordance with this, the surrealist style of the work was formed. His heroes feel their orphanhood in a godless world, their disconnection from the "soul of the world", which is embodied for them in incorporeal images (for the revolutionary Kopenkin - in the image of Rosa Luxemburg, unknown to him). Trying to comprehend the secrets of life and death, the heroes of the novel build socialism in county town Chevengur, choosing it as a place in which the good of life, the accuracy of truth and the sorrow of existence "occur by themselves as needed." In the utopian Chevengur, Chekists kill bourgeois and semi-bourgeois, and the proletarians feed on the "food leftovers of the bourgeoisie", because the main profession of a person is his soul. According to one of the characters, "a Bolshevik must have an empty heart so that everything can fit in there." At the end of the novel main character Alexander Dvanov dies of his own free will in order to comprehend the mystery of death, because he understands that the mystery of life cannot be solved by the methods that are used to transform it. The reorganization of life is the central theme of the story Kotlovan (1930, published in 1969 in the FRG, in 1987 in the USSR), which takes place during the first five-year plan. The “general proletarian house”, for which the heroes of the story are digging a foundation pit, is a symbol of the communist utopia, “earthly paradise”. The foundation pit becomes a grave for the girl Nastya, who symbolizes the future of Russia in the story. The construction of socialism evokes associations with the biblical story about the construction of the Tower of Babel. The foundation pit also embodies the traditional for Platonov motive of wandering, during which a person - in this case, the unemployed Voshchev - comprehends the truth, passing space through himself. In the afterword to the American edition of the Kotlovan, I. Brodsky noted the surrealism of Platonov, which was fully expressed in the image of a hammer-bear participating in the construction. According to Brodsky, Platonov "subjected himself to the language of the era, seeing in it such abysses, looking into which once, he could no longer slide on the literary surface." The publication of the story-chronicle For the future with a devastating afterword by A. Fadeev (1931), in which the collectivization of agriculture was shown as a tragedy, made the publication of most of Platonov's works impossible. The exception was the collection of prose Potudan River (1937). The stories of Jan (1935), the Juvenile Sea (1934), the plays of Sharmanka and 14 Red Huts written in the 1930s were not published during the author's lifetime. The publication of Platonov's works was allowed during the Patriotic War, when the prose writer worked as a front-line correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper and wrote stories in military theme(Bronya, Spiritualized people, 1942; There is no death!, 1943; Aphrodite, 1944, etc.; 4 books were published). After his story Ivanov's Family (another name is the Return) was subjected to ideological criticism in 1946, Platonov's name was deleted from Soviet literature. Written in the 1930s, Happy Moscow was only discovered in the 1990s. The first book after a long break, The Magic Ring and Other Tales, was published in 1954, after the death of the author. All publications of Platonov's works were accompanied by censorship restrictions during the Soviet period. Platonov died in Moscow on January 5, 1951.
The great Russian writer and playwright of the 20th century Andrei Platonovich Platonov (Klimentov) was born on August 16, 1899, in the city of Voronezh in a large family of a railway workshop mechanic and a housewife. Andrei was the oldest of the children, so he helped raise his brothers and sisters, and he also tried to help his parents financially.
From 1906 to 1909 he studied at the parochial school. After her, he goes to a city school, but in 1913 he leaves it and begins to earn extra money as a laborer, mechanic, and insurer to help his family. From 1915 he worked at a pipe factory and Voronezh workshops until 1918.
In 1918 he went to study at the Voronezh Technical Railway School at the electrical department, graduating in 1921. In 1920 he changed his surname to Platonov, forming it from his father's name. In 1921, he wrote the pamphlet "Electrification" and published his poems, which he wrote from the age of 12. From 1923 to 1926 he worked as an reclamation engineer and a specialist in the electrification of agriculture.
